¶ A01
Introduction and Sources
Purpose. This appendix reproduces the statutory provisions on which the analysis in this book most often turns, so that a reader can check a quotation or a cross-reference against the text of the statute. The collection is selective. Each Act should be read in full before advice is given on it, and a current text should be obtained from the Financial Services Commission, the Attorney General's Ministry or the Government Printer.
Sources. The texts are taken from the official revised editions published by authority of the Government of Belize and from the amending Acts as printed by the Government Printer:
- Trusts Act, Cap. 202 (rev. ed. 2020), and the Trusts (Amendment) Act 2023, No. 40 of 2023 (assented to September 5, 2023);
- International Limited Liability Companies Act, Cap. 270:01 (rev. ed. 2020), renamed the Limited Liability Companies Act by the International Limited Liability Companies (Amendment) Act 2023, No. 29 of 2023 (assented to July 21, 2023), and further amended by the Limited Liability Companies (Amendment) (No. 2) Act 2023, No. 48 of 2023 (assented to December 13, 2023);
- International Foundations Act, Cap. 24:02 (rev. ed. 2020), and the International Foundations (Amendment) Act 2023, No. 49 of 2023 (assented to December 13, 2023);
- Insolvency and Bankruptcy Act 2025, No. 13 of 2025 (the "IBA 2025");
- Bankruptcy Act, Cap. 244 (rev. ed. 2000), now repealed; and
- Interpretation Act, Cap. 1 (rev. ed. 2020).
Amendments. Each provision is printed as amended to November 2026. Where an amending Act substituted or inserted words, the amended text is printed, and the editorial note before the provision names the amending Act and section. Repealed words are not reproduced. The editors found no amendment to the provisions reproduced here later than the 2023 amending Acts and the IBA 2025. Under section 41 of the Interpretation Act, an Act that names no commencement date comes into force on assent, which fixes the commencement of the three 2023 amending Acts (see infra ¶ A80.03; see supra ¶ 2410).
Conventions. The texts follow these conventions:
- Headings are the marginal notes of the revised edition. A heading in square brackets is editorial.
- Indentation follows the paragraph structure of the printed text.
- Three spaced points (". . .") mark omitted text, such as definitions not reproduced.
- An error in the official text is printed as it stands and marked [sic], with an explanation in the editorial note. Errors introduced in extracting the text from the printed page have been corrected against the page.
- References to the "Supreme Court" are printed as enacted. The court is now styled the High Court (see supra ¶ 230).
- Each editorial note gives the paragraphs of this book in which the provision is discussed.
Provisions not reproduced. Section 149 of the Law of Property Act, Cap. 190, which section 7(7) of the Trusts Act and section 83(7) of the Foundations Act override, is not reproduced, because an official text was not available to the editors when this appendix was prepared. Its terms are discussed, as quoted in the reported decisions, in chapters 5 and 11 (see supra ¶¶ 580.02, 1160.02). Several related provisions are discussed in the chapters and not reproduced here, among them the record-keeping duties in section 27(7) to (7C) and the disclosure duty in section 30A of the Trusts Act (see supra ¶ 750), the beneficial-ownership provisions inserted in the Limited Liability Companies Act by Act No. 48 of 2023 (see supra ¶ 1460), and sections 84 to 84D of the Foundations Act (see supra ¶ 1990).
Finding a provision. Table A-1 lists each provision with the paragraph of this appendix at which its text appears and the paragraphs of this book in which it is discussed.
Table A-1. Provision finder.
| Statute | Section | Heading | Text at | Discussed at |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trusts Act | 2 | Definition of Trust | ¶ A10.01 | ¶¶ 530, 610 |
| Trusts Act | 4 | Proper law of Trusts | ¶ A10.02 | ¶¶ 1120, 1250 |
| Trusts Act | 6 | Maximum duration of a Trust and of Accumulation of Income | ¶ A10.03 | ¶ 1210 |
| Trusts Act | 7 | Validity of a Trust | ¶ A10.04 | ¶¶ 1110–1170, 2330 |
| Trusts Act | 12 | Protective or Spendthrift Trusts | ¶ A10.05 | ¶¶ 830, 840 |
| Trusts Act | 16 | The Protector of a Trust | ¶ A10.06 | ¶¶ 910, 920 |
| Trusts Act | 28 | Duty to supply information and duty of confidentiality | ¶ A10.07 | ¶¶ 750, 850 |
| Trusts Act | 30B | Duty to submit attestation report | ¶ A10.08 | ¶¶ 750, 2960 |
| Trusts Act | 59 | Applications for directions | ¶ A10.09 | ¶¶ 790, 2570 |
| Trusts Act | 64(1) | Interpretation in this Part | ¶ A10.10 | ¶¶ 650, 1120 |
| Trusts Act | 65B | Compulsory registration of international Trusts | ¶ A10.11 | ¶¶ 660, 1120 |
| Trusts Act | 67 | Interpretation | ¶ A10.12 | ¶¶ 530, 1150, 2330 |
| LLC Act | 2 | Interpretation | ¶ A30.01 | ¶¶ 1430, 1760 |
| LLC Act | 33 | Liability to third parties | ¶ A30.02 | ¶¶ 1610, 1620, 1630 |
| LLC Act | 34 | Limited liability company as a separate legal entity | ¶ A30.03 | ¶¶ 1640, 1650 |
| LLC Act | 35 | Limited liability company property | ¶ A30.04 | ¶ 1660 |
| LLC Act | 36 | Rights of judgment creditors of a member | ¶ A30.05 | ¶¶ 1710–1730 |
| LLC Act | 37 | Fraudulent conveyance | ¶ A30.06 | ¶¶ 1740, 2470 |
| LLC Act | 38 | Enforcement of judgments | ¶ A30.07 | ¶ 1750 |
| LLC Act | 59 | Involuntary transfers | ¶ A30.08 | ¶¶ 1550, 1770 |
| LLC Act | 65(6) | Emergency manager | ¶ A30.09 | ¶ 1570 |
| LLC Act | 94 | Taxes and duties | ¶ A30.10 | ¶¶ 1450, 2830 |
| LLC Act | 96(1)–(2) | Confidentiality | ¶ A30.11 | ¶¶ 1440, 2520 |
| Foundations Act | 2(1) | Interpretation | ¶ A50.01 | ¶¶ 1920, 2140 |
| Foundations Act | 4 | Residence of founder and beneficiary | ¶ A50.02 | ¶ 1940 |
| Foundations Act | 35 | Founder | ¶ A50.03 | ¶¶ 1980, 2010 |
| Foundations Act | 49 | Foreign judgments | ¶ A50.04 | ¶¶ 2030, 2170 |
| Foundations Act | 53 | Duress | ¶ A50.05 | ¶ 2030 |
| Foundations Act | 58 | Fiduciary duty of protector | ¶ A50.06 | ¶ 2050 |
| Foundations Act | 79 | Anti-alienation | ¶ A50.07 | ¶¶ 2110, 2120 |
| Foundations Act | 82 | Bankruptcy | ¶ A50.08 | ¶ 2140 |
| Foundations Act | 83 | Fraudulent dispositions within the jurisdiction of Belize | ¶ A50.09 | ¶ 2150 |
| Foundations Act | 97 | Foundation as a separate legal entity | ¶ A50.10 | ¶ 1930 |
| Foundations Act | 98 | Limitation of proceedings | ¶ A50.11 | ¶¶ 2160, 2230 |
| Foundations Act | 101 | Payment into Court Registry | ¶ A50.12 | ¶¶ 2160, 2540 |
| IBA 2025 | 8 | Meaning of “insolvent” | ¶ A70.01 | ¶¶ 1150, 2320, 2420 |
| IBA 2025 | 416 | Interpretation of this Part | ¶ A70.02 | ¶¶ 2330, 2450, 2460 |
| IBA 2025 | 418 | Undervalue transactions | ¶ A70.03 | ¶¶ 2450, 2460 |
| IBA 2025 | 421 | Orders in respect of voidable transactions | ¶ A70.04 | ¶¶ 2450, 2460 |
| IBA 2025 | 470 | Actions to avoid acts detrimental to creditors | ¶ A70.05 | ¶¶ 1160, 2460, 2480 |
| Bankruptcy Act (repealed) | 43 | Avoidance of voluntary settlements | ¶ A80.01 | ¶¶ 1160, 2460 |
| Interpretation Act | 27 | Reference to repealed provisions | ¶ A80.02 | ¶¶ 2460, 2470 |
| Interpretation Act | 41 | Date Act comes into force | ¶ A80.03 | ¶¶ 2410, 2810 |

